THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERN CULTURE ON THE NIGERIAN YOUTHS
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THE
INFLUENCE OF WESTERN CULTURE ON THE NIGERIAN YOUTHS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This study
is on the influence of western culture on the Nigerian youths using Takum Local
Government as a case study. The term culture has been defined differently by many
people. The different definitions attached to culture are based on the
differences in the orientation of the people.
According to
Ekeh (2012), culture is construct used in an attempt to analyzed and integrate
events and ideals in broad spectrum of area of society. Jakayinka (2002) states
that from wider perspective, culture includes the total repertoire of human
action which are socially transmitted from generation to generation. Obiora
(2002), say that the transformation of culture is gradual and not sudden.
Culture is a continuous process of change. It changes exactly the same way as
the human being change. It is dynamic,
learned, acquired, transmitted or diffused through contact or means of
communication flow from generation to generation. The Nigeria culture is
observed to be fading out as a result of the acceptance and adaptation of the
mode mist’s solution on to underdevelopment.
Cultural
imperialism is a term used to describe the imposition of western culture on the
culture of people in developing countries. Cultural imperialism often refers to
America’s cultural influence on other countries, for better or worse.
A man’s
right lies in his confidence and personality which is greatly nurtured by his
culture. Man is essentially the product of his culture. It beats and moulds a
person into a particular shape. Culture makes one think, speak, dance and
behave in a particular manner. It’s culture that makes one Kanuri, Jukun,
Hausa, Igbo, Yoruba, Alago, Tiv, etc.
Africa as a
continent and Nigeria as a country have their given cultures which are unique
in their own respect. This culture may not be absolutely the same among all
countries and even within a country, a lot of cultures exist but there are
features that differentiate Africans from other people of the world. The issue
here is that any person with passion for the African culture today will believe
that, the very material, spiritual and aesthetic fabric of African people had
been destroyed by western civilization considering the youth in Takum Local
Government Area.
Nigeria
which is made up of rich and diverse cultural values is beginning to lose most
its cultural ideals especially through the adoption of foreign culture
showcased through the mass media. Nowadays, it is observed that our youth have
abandoned our local attires such as the ‘Adire’ and ‘Ankara’ for alien attires.
It is common to see young people (youth)
walking across the streets half nude putting on micro-mini skirts,
handless top, trousers and other outfits that are not part of our cultural
identity.
Africans and
indeed Nigerians have their traditional attires especially Takum local
government, but how many youth proudly abide by the culture and wear such
traditional attires today? A visit to banks in Takum local government will give
you a perfect example. In fact, it is mandatory in the banks that you wear a
suit except on Fridays that you are allowed to wear native attire. The question
we must answer is whether wearing of suit part of Takum culture or western
culture? Must we copy everything western? Can’t we promote our rich cultural
and traditional outfit so our local industries can boom?
One of the
negative roles the mass media plays in our today’s society is the dominance and
propagation of violence particularly on television and video film industry. A
lot of the foreign film content on television is mainly scenes of violence. The
actors who engage in murder and other violent actors are portrayed as heroes.
Home video, which is very popular now with Nigerian films, also carries the
same theme. Research has shown that children who watch violence on screen are
most prone to violent behavior in adulthood.
1.2STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
According to
Nnonyelu (2006:99) “Nigeria culture following its contact with lifestyle
constantly portrayed by the media appears to have caved in” and continues to do
so as years go by.
The tendency for people to imitate,
emulate and copy what they see (in the media) is a major cause of this
situation especially as seen in the emerging culture of the country’s youth.
The youths try to sheepishly copy the lifestyle of the western world as
presented by the media. To dress, walk and do anything resembling western way
of life is seen as a significant index of one’s social standing. This can be
attributed to the fact that “the closer a person’s attitude is to western norms
and values, the greater the opportunity open to the person and the higher the person’s
position on the social ladder’’(Ojiha 2006:48). The youths are deluded to think
that they have vast individual choices and opportunities to believe, think,
behave and dress as presented by the media. Unfortunately, the addiction to
this borrowed lifestyle leaves the individual without an identified culture and
this eliminates him/her from the society.
The sad side
of the exposure to foreign media on the culture of a society is that the
glorification of western lifestyle goes side by side with condemnation of the
local culture. This creates a situation where Nigerians are becoming more
British or America than the Americans or British themselves and this
invariable, creates marginal individuals to the extent that they are neither
here nor there.
Therefore
this research will be based on discovering the effects of western exposure to foreign media content on the
dress sense of Nigeria youths.
This research intends to find out the influence of western
culture on the Nigerian youths which tend to affect their norms and believe.
The western
culture has influenced the youth of Takum Local government in the following
ways:
1. They hardly greet their elders due to
their exposure to western culture through the media
2. They copy the way and manner the western
people dresses
3. They hardly greet their elders and if they
do they don’t go down with their knees to show sign of respect, which was the
major attribute of the Takum youth.
With the
advert of social media, internet and social networks, the cultural value that
has been built for years by fore-fathers of Nigeria culture especially in Takum
Local government to thrown down the drain due to what the youth called
civilization.
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The aim of
this study is to highlight and understand the influence that western culture have on the Nigerian
youths, especially with regards to what they wear, how they greet, cook and find out reasons for the prevailing
situation, more specially the objectives of this study include to;
· Find out and assess the impact of
foreign culture on Takum youth’s culture.
· Assess the extent of impact of those
media contents on the country’s youths especially in relation to what they
wear.
· Find out if there are factors
responsible for this influence.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The study
will help create data base for intervention programs that would help promote
and showcase aspects of Takum Local Government culture that are good by making
them attractive to the youths.
It will help
the youths to understand the adverse effects of imitating the dress pattern on
the western culture and its effects on Nigeria cultural values, so as that they
can now make a responsible choice.
This study
will help the National Broadcasting Commission to know the adverse effects of
western contents on domestic television so as to make them effect better regulations on the matter.
1.5 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
(1) Are the youths exposed to foreign media?
(2) What is the level of the youth exposure to
foreign media?
(3) Do foreign media contents influence the
dress sense of the youth?
(4) Does the exposure to foreign media have
other effects on the youths such a beliefs values, language, foods?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Hi Youths are exposed to the foreign
media
H0 Youths are not exposed to the foreign
media
H2 Foreign media content influence the dress
sense of the youths.
H0 Foreign media content does not
influence the dress sense of the youths.
H3 Exposure to foreign media content have
other effects on the youths (beliefs values, language, foods).
H0 Exposure t foreign media do not have other
effects on the youths
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Culture:
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people,
defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music
and arts.
Media:Communication
channels through which news, entertainment, education, data, or promotional
messages are disseminated.
Influence:
The capacity or power of persons or things to be a compelling force on or
produce effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc.
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